Literature is always the background for reflecting cultural, social, and political elements, and to get acquainted with the structures of a society, one can refer to its literary works. The sociological approach to literature is one of the new approaches to literary criticism that examines the mutual influence of literature and society. The literary genre of the Holy Defense memoir has recreated some of the events of the imposed war and the Holy Defense and has shown historical awareness based on sociology about Iranian society. The present study aims to explain the indicators of national and religious identity, relying on the model proposed by Henry Zalamansky (content-oriented sociology) in the memoir of the day of the accident, with a descriptive-analytical approach, and has attempted to express the true links that exist between society and the memoir of the day of the accident, based on the report of a historical and social period (the Holy Defense period). The findings of the research indicate that Shiite religious teachings play a major role in giving identity to Iranian society, and the components of patience and tolerance in the face of difficulties, martyrdom, patriotism, belief in religious beliefs such as monotheism, prophecy, resurrection, etc. are the most prominent components of the identity of Iranian society that were manifested on the day of the accident.