Ahmad Shamloo is one of the most influential figures in modern poetry and the social symbolism movement, who has used many natural elements and phenomena as personal symbols in his poems. “Water” and “wind” are two natural elements that are reflected as the most frequently used personal and natural symbols in Shamloo’s poems. In this study, we aim to analyze his symbolic approach by extracting examples of the use of these two symbols in Shamloo’s poems. The method of this study is in accordance with Michael Refatter’s theory of semiotics of poetry, which seeks to answer the question: “According to the processes of meaning-making accumulation and the descriptive system in Refatter’s theory, how are the symbols of water and wind reflected in Shamloo’s poetry?” The results indicate that: These two natural and personal symbols in Shamloo’s poetry actually have dual and contradictory meanings and concepts. According to the accumulation process, for the use of the symbol of water in the concept of life and existence, words such as: man, fire, tree, sun, etc. have been used as accumulated synonyms. Also, regarding the symbol of wind, when it is used in the concept of hope and flow, positive words such as: garden, ivy, flower, dance, laughter, etc. have been accumulated, and when wind is used in the concept of oppression and suffocation, we witness the accumulation of negative words such as: night, sleep, fire, acid, scream, claw, fear, despair, glare, and hostility, etc.