Alongside Western storytellers and the ancient Persian storytelling tradition, colloquial language and folk literature have been drawn upon as sources of inspiration by contemporary Persian novelists. Following the introduction of the novel as an imported Western format, the utilization of the capacities of folk literature was prompted by the necessity for its localization and adaptation to Iranian culture and taste; this is particularly observed in historical novels and those related to resistance literature, wherein a kind of return to native culture is manifested. This characteristic is exhibited in the novel The Road of War by Mansour Anvari, and references to folk tales and poems within this novel are aimed to be analyzed by this research, based on a documentary method. It is demonstrated by the research findings that the richness of the narrative structure has been enhanced by references to folk tales, and a significant impact on the depiction of the physical and psychological profiles of the characters has been exerted by them. Furthermore, emotional atmosphere creation and the expression of cultural ideas have been effectively facilitated by folk poems and folkloric pieces. Ultimately, it is indicated by the results of this study that a role far beyond mere verbal and narrative decoration is played by the elements of folk literature in the novel The Road of War, and characterization, atmosphere creation, plot development, and socio-political critique are functionally served by them. Through the creative utilization of this oral heritage by Anvari, the narrative has been made more relatable to the common people, and a meaningful link between official culture and folk culture has been established.